What is the difference between latent and manifest political socialisation? Explain with example?

 Political socialisation is the process through which people acquire political beliefs, values, attitudes, and behavior.

1. Latent Political Socialisation

• Meaning:
  Latent political socialisation is indirect and unintentional learning of political values.

• It happens when individuals absorb attitudes and ideas without being consciously taught politics.

• It usually occurs in early life through family, school environment, religion, culture, and social norms.

Example:

• A child learns to respect authority by obeying parents and teachers. Later in life, this develops into respect for political authority such as the government or the constitution.

• Celebrating national festivals in school (like Independence Day) creates a sense of patriotism without formal political teaching.

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2. Manifest Political Socialisation

• Meaning:
  Manifest political socialisation is direct and deliberate political learning.

• It involves explicit teaching about politics, government, laws, rights, and duties.

• It commonly occurs through schools, political parties, media, and civic education.

Example:

• Studying civics in school about the constitution, elections, and fundamental rights.

• Political parties campaigning and educating citizens about their ideology before elections.

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Difference in Tabular Form

Basis	Latent Political Socialisation	Manifest Political Socialisation
Nature	Indirect and unconscious	Direct and conscious
Intention	Unintentional	Intentional
Method	Informal social interaction	Formal political instruction
Example	Learning obedience at home	Learning voting rules in civics class

In short:

• Latent socialisation shapes political attitudes silently and gradually.

• Manifest socialisation teaches politics openly and directly.